If you're
serious about the success of your online business, then
you need to find ways to give yourself every advantage you
can over your competition. One strategy that I can almost
GUARANTEE your competitors haven't tried is building
customized blueprints that outline exactly how their
businesses will succeed. The process of writing a business
plan for your company can be a crucial step in getting
your profits to where you want them to be.
If you're
thinking, "But I'm just a one-person business working
part-time out of my home... I don't need a business
plan," think again! Unless you want your business to
stay small and you want to keep your day job, you
desperately need a business plan. It's one of the best
ways to motivate yourself to drive your business
to the next level.
And if your
business is still just an idea in your head, and you've
been wondering for months how to get started, here's your
answer: Start planning! Clear your schedule this weekend,
print off this article, and get down to business!
What's
Your Purpose?
A
business plan can serve a couple of main purposes: In the
world of banking and venture capital, business plans play
a huge role for people who are trying to secure start-up
funding from banks or investors. The better the business
plan, the better the chances of landing that big initial
investment.
For
smaller companies, who (luckily) do not need to rely on
outside funding to get started, a business plan serves
more as a company blueprint. It identifies the company's
purpose, products, market, and goals, as well as the steps
the company plans to take to reach those goals.
So before
you start writing, you'll need to decide what purpose your
business plan is going to serve. If you're writing a
formal business plan to secure financing, you'll need to
be far more concerned about detail and format than if
you're just preparing one for your own personal use. No
matter which approach you're taking, though, you need to
know that there are 7 main sections that should be
included in just about every business plan.
Section
1: The Executive Summary
The
executive summary is basically your entire business plan
condensed down into a page or two (at the most). If and
when you show your business plan to others, this is the
only part that 75% of them will actually read. For this
reason, you need to make this section as clear,
concise, and exciting as possible.
Your
executive summary should contain a few key items. You'll
want to start out with a brief description of exactly what
your business does, who your market is, and what
opportunity you've identified as the inspiration for your
business. Explain what sets your company apart from others
in the same field.
You'll
also need to discuss financial information such as
projected revenues and, if you'll be using this business
plan to secure financing, how much money you need and what
you will be using it for. Don't go into too much financial
detail in this section. You'll just want to include the
most important figures.
Also,
be sure to mention your company's achievements,
including all of the milestones reached to date. Even if
all you've done so far is register a domain name, put
together a web site, or file a patent application, be sure
to include this information in this section of your
business plan.
Section
2: Description of Business
This
section will contain an in-depth description of your
company, including what products or services you sell, who
your customers are, what your operating structure is (Are
you a wholesaler? A reseller? A manufacturer?), the legal
details of your company (Is it a corporation? A
partnership? A sole proprietorship?), and your
distribution methods.
This
is the section of your business plan where you will
identify what makes your company unique and where you'll
address the following questions:
-
What are
you offering that others aren't?
-
What
sets you apart from your competitors?
-
Why will
people choose to do business with you instead of other
players in the same marketplace?
If
you've already been in business for awhile, you will also
want to use this section to talk about the history of the
company. Talk about what inspired you to start the company
and how fast it is growing. Address the more concrete
details as well, such as how much equipment you own or
lease and where your office is located.
Section
3: Market Strategies
Think
of this section as your marketing plan. This is where
you'll want to go into detail regarding who your target
market is and how you intend to sell to them.
This section will contain information about how big your
audience is, how fast it is growing, and how large you
expect your market share to be.
Some
great sites where you can start this research are:
In
this section, you will also talk about how you intend to
market your product or service to your target audience.
Will you focus on pay-per-click search engine traffic?
Banner advertising? E-zine sponsorships? How much do you
expect to spend on advertising, and what sort of return do
you expect from those advertising dollars?
Be
sure to think carefully about which marketing strategies
to include here. Don't just list off every single
advertising technique you can think of. You need to
realistically evaluate all the possibilities, and then
focus on the two or three marketing techniques that will
produce the biggest return on investment.
If
you think this sounds like a lot of work just for a
business plan, think again! This is the kind of legwork
and research you should be doing anyway! And once you've
figured out how much your marketing and advertising is
going to cost, you can put together a schedule of how much
you can afford to spend on various campaigns each month.
Section
4: Competitive Analysis
The
competitive analysis section of your business plan is
where you explain, in detail, the strengths and weaknesses
of your main competitors. This will allow you to
realistically determine where you can position your
business in the market in relation to your competition.
Make
sure to do an honest appraisal of who your competition is.
If your site is selling board games, your main competition
is NOT Toys 'R' Us. Instead, your biggest competitors are
other niche sites that focus on selling board games. These
are the sites that you can realistically expect to compete
with for customers interested in buying your products
online.
Nevertheless,
you should still pay attention to the "major
players" in your competitive analysis. Take a look at
how they are marketing to board game buyers, and what
areas they are lacking in. Based on your research, you
should be able to capitalize on the weaknesses of others
in your market space and snatch customers away
from them by positioning your offer to meet a
need that everyone else is neglecting.
A
great tool for doing competitive analysis is http://www.alexa.com,
which allows you to discover how much traffic your
competitors are getting in relation to your site and see
who they are linking to. Compare your own traffic ranking
to your competitors' traffic rankings in Alexa every month
or so. This way, you'll be able to gauge your
progress against your competition. Spend some
time getting familiar with this site -- it will become an
invaluable resource tool for you!
Section
5: Development Plan and/or Operational Strategy
If
your company is still in the developmental stage (with no
product and/or no revenues), this is the section where you
will explain how you are going to bring your company into
the marketplace. The best way to do this is to write out a
development timeline with the projected completion dates
for various milestones your company will need to reach
before it can start making sales.
This
is the section where you must plan to profit! Failing
to do so is one of the most common mistakes made by
businesses. All too often, people just set up shop without
ever really planning exactly HOW they are going to become
profitable!
If
your business is already up and running, but is not
currently generating a profit (if your revenues are not
enough to cover your operating expenses), then this is
where you will need to identify how you will make up the
shortfall until you become profitable. For many home-based
businesses, the difference is drawn from the owner's
savings or income from another job.
Regardless
of what stage you're at, you should still include a table
of projected milestones for your business in this section.
Estimate the month and year of the important milestones
that you plan to achieve over the next 1 to 2 years. This
not only looks great, it also reminds you of your
goals every time you refer back to your plan.
Section
6: Management
This section
is especially important if you are going to be using your
business plan to secure funding. I can guarantee that
after a prospective investor reads through your Executive
Summary, they will flip directly to your Management
section before reading anything else. They'll want to get
a clear idea of "who" your company is -- after
all, a business idea is only as good as the people behind
it!
So this is
where you introduce your management team or, if you are
the only person involved in your business, explain why you
are qualified to be running the company. Focus on your strengths
and achievements from your previous
ventures or jobs, and explain in detail how those
qualities transfer to your business.
Make sure to
go into detail about what makes you uniquely
qualified to operate this sort of business. What
special skills do you bring to the company? How do your
areas of expertise give you a distinct advantage over
people operating similar companies?
If you have
accountants, lawyers, or consultants advising you in an
official (paid) capacity, you can mention their names,
duties, and qualifications here as well. However, you need
to be sure to get their permission before putting their
names in your business plan.
Section
7: Financials
If you've
had a chance to look through a few business plans before,
you'll have noticed that the last half of these documents
are filled with balance sheets, earnings projections,
capital requirements, depreciation estimates, and dozens
of other highly detailed financial statements.
Don't let
all these numbers put you off! If you aren't going to be
using your business plan to solicit capital from outside
sources, you won't need 90% of this stuff. Instead, focus
on your monthly income and monthly expenses. The best way
to do this is to put together a simple 12-month cash flow
forecast.
Here's how
to do it:
First,
estimate how much your business will earn on a monthly
basis. Include all your sales, cash you'll be drawing from
your savings, or money your business has been loaned. This
is your "Total Cash In."
Next,
determine what your monthly expenses will be. This should
include things like advertising costs, office expenses
like phone bills and stationery, the cost of your
inventory, equipment purchases, loan repayments, as well
as whatever cash you'll be drawing out of the business for
your personal living expenses. This will be your
"Total Cash Out."
Now,
simply subtract your "Total Cash Out" from your
"Total Cash In" to get your monthly "Net
Cash Flow." If you see that your Net Cash Flow is a
negative number, you're losing money! If that number stays
negative for the entire 12 months, you're going to need to
re-evaluate your business plan... and figure out a way to
increase sales or decrease expenses!
IMPORTANT
NOTE: You
can see why it is so important to be honest with yourself
when writing your business plan! If you exaggerate the
sales you think you'll bring in, your whole business model
will be damaged when those sales don't materialize. So
much for that hefty advertising budget you planned, as
well as the generous salary you hoped to pay yourself!
Do-It-Yourself
vs. Hiring Out
If
you are going to be using your business plan as a tool to
attract capital from banks or investors, then your
business plan will need to be MUCH more detailed than if
you are preparing it for personal use. If you need some
extra help preparing a highly detailed plan, you have a
few choices. You can:
-
Hire a
professional business plan consultant to work with
you,
-
Hire an
accountant to help you prepare the
"Financials" section of your business plan,
or
-
Purchase
a full-featured business plan software program.
If you do
decide to have a professional write your business plan for
you, be aware that the costs vary tremendously! A basic
15-page business plan could cost you anywhere between $500
and $5,000, depending on who you hire. (And a detailed
business plan, which can often exceed 100 pages, can easily
cost as much as $25,000 -- but these are for companies
looking for millions of dollars of start-up capital.)
To locate
someone to write your business plan for you, just type
"business plans" into any search engine -- you'll
find tons of companies that specialize in this sort of
thing. You can also have professional writers bid on your
business plan project at http://www.elance.com.
The going rate for a business plan here seems to be between
$750 and $1,500.
There are
quite a few business plan software programs out there. One
of the best seems to be Business Plan Pro 2003, available at
http://www.bplans.com
for $99.95. Other options are PlanWrite, located at http://www.brs-inc.com/pwrite.html
for $129.95 and BizPlan Builder, priced at $99.99, at http://www.jian.com.
If you are running a one-
or two-person company out of your home or small office, you
probably won't need to hire a professional to work on your
business plan. This option is really more for people who
will be using their business plans to attract investors or
secure bank loans. Most small business owners should be able
to write their business plans themselves.
And unless you
are going to be trying to land big investors, I really don't
recommend hiring a professional to write your business plan
for you. You'll learn so much about your business
and your competitors by doing it yourself that it would be a
shame to let someone else go through the process for you!
Business
Plan Resources:
I've
hand-picked a few of my favorite online business
plan resources to share with those readers who
might be looking for additional information:
-
The United
States Small Business Administration
has an excellent resource online at http://www.sba.gov/starting/indexbusplans.html.
They provide an online tutorial to help you write your
business plan, and their site also contains all the
information you'll need if you plan on trying to get a
Small Business Administration loan or grant.
-
The Annual Moot
Corp Competition
challenges top MBAs from around the world to submit
their business plans to be evaluated by a panel of
investors. The winning entries from the past few years
are online at http://www.businessplans.org/MootCorp.html
-
Palo Alto
Software
has developed a program called Business Plan Pro 2003
(priced at $99.95) that will walk you through the
creation of your own business plan. But even if you
aren't interested in their software, check out their
site at http://www.bplans.com
for a huge archive of sample business plans that you
can read for no charge.
You can also
find a wealth of information about business plans at your
local library or bookstore. The Business section will have
tons of books explaining how to write business plans, as
well as books with hundreds of sample business plans for
you to look at.
Final
Thoughts:
Once you've
written your business plan, you'll be amazed at how often
you refer to it. It will become your "battle
plan," as well as the tool you'll use to measure
how close you are to meeting your goals -- or by
how much you're surpassing them! You can even show your
business plan to prospective joint venture partners,
potential employees, or advertisers. Believe me, a
professional-looking business plan will give you a TON of
credibility simply because most businesses never take the
time to prepare one.
If you're
thinking about starting a business, but you're not quite
sure how, writing out a business plan can be a great way
to get things moving. It's also a great way to evaluate
how good that idea of yours really is. For many people,
the process of writing a business plan shows them that
their business can make even more money than they
originally thought! Now that's motivation!
If you're
already running an online business, the process of writing
a business plan can help you decide exactly what aspects
of your business are succeeding and which areas could be
improved upon. When you do an in-depth analysis of your
marketplace, your customers, and your competitors, you'll
be amazed by how much you can learn!
And be sure
to make your business plan a perpetual "work in
progress." Go back and review it every three months,
and make changes where necessary. If your sales are twice
what you expected, go back and update the figures in your
business plan. This ensures that your map to profitability
is always right up to date.
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ABOUT
THE AUTHOR:
Corey Rudl is the owner of four highly successful online
businesses that attract more than 1.8 million visitors per
month and generate over $6.6 million each year. He is also
the author of the #1 best-selling Internet Marketing
course online.
To check out
his site that's JAM-PACKED WITH THE EXACT INFORMATION YOU
NEED to start, build, and grow your very own profitable
Internet business, I highly recommend visiting http://www.marketingtips.com/tipsltr.html
This guy
really knows what he's talking about! |